Ogawa Jihei VII

Ogawa Jihei VII (1860 to 1933) designed three of Heian Jingu's four gardens: the West, Middle, and East gardens, completed between 1895 and 1916. He was known for working with rocks and water, and is considered a pioneer of the modern Japanese garden. Water flows through the gardens via the Lake Biwa Canal, built in 1890, and the stream connecting the Middle and West gardens was designed so the path follows it in the opposite direction, encouraging a slower, more attentive pace. Look for stones reused from old bridges and structures throughout the design. Recycling architectural materials was a signature of his work.